And hubert l



E. A. JONES ET AL BOILER v Filed may 20, 19 21 3 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 22, 1925 1,566,537

E. A. JONES ET AL BOILER Filed May .20, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 QJd wi 'g ,5.

Patented Dec. 22, 1925.

UNITED. STATES EDWIN A. J ONES, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, AND HUBERT L. WHITELAW, OIIKGHI CZLGO;

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO JESSE M. WILLIAMS, WEBSTER GIRQVES, MISSOURL BOILER.

Application filed May 20, 1921. Serial No. 471,190.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWIN Al JoNEs and HUBERT L. VVHITELAW, citizens ofthe United States of America and the Domin- 6 ion of Canada, respectively, and residents of the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, and Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in 18 boilers adapted for use'in steam or hot water heating systems, although. it is to be understood that the new boiler could be used for other purposes- An object of the invention is to produce a boiler in which 30 natural or artificial gas and similar fluids can be most effectively and economically used for the transmission of heat to the liquid in the boiler.

A further object is to produce a boiler of this kind comprising a few simple hollow sections combined with each other to form fiues and combustion chambers whereby the heat generated at gas burners is most effectively transmitted to the liquid in the hollow sections.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention comprises the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more specifically described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein is shown the preferred embodiment of the invention. However, it is to be understood that the invention comprehends changes, variations and modifications which come within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

Fig. I is a top or plan view of a boiler embodying the features of this invention, a

portion of the boiler being broken away to show the interior thereof.-

Fig. II is a front elevation of the lower portion of the boiler.

Fig. III is a section taken approximately on the line IIIIII in Fig. IV.

Fig. IV is a side elevation of the boiler.

Fig. V is a vertical section on a line between ,two of the boiler sections.

The boiler herein shown comprises hollow outer sections A and hollow intermediate sections B and C interposed between the outer sections, the several sections bein secured together by means of bolts 1. Ilear the upper end of the boiler, tapering nipples 2 are seated in openings in the ad'oming walls of the boiler sections to rovi 0 coinmunication between the severa sections, as shown by Figs. III and V, and similar connecting nipples 2- are located at the lower portions. of the sections. Intake pi es 3 lead to the outer sections A and disc ar e pipes 4 lead from the upper portions of said outer sections.

Each boiler section B (Figs. III and V) is open at the bottom to receive a twin burner -5 and provided with a-hollow leg 6 at one end of the burner. Each burner '5 preferably includes a pair of tubes having openings at the top for the discharge of gas'and inclined side walls converging to points near said openings. 7 designates a as supply pipe provided with branches 8 For the delivery of gas to theburners 5. Each boiler section B is provided with a closure plate 9 having a window 10, and the branchfpipes 8 extend through theseclosure plates.

To form individual combustion chambers for the gas burners, each boiler section C is provided with hollow legs 11 at its lower end (Figs. III and V) and also with tubular members 12 connecting these legs at points between the burners. Each boiler section C is thus formed to constitute a hollow partition whereby the combustion space is divided to form an individual combustion chamber for each burner.

Each hollow partition is provided with a transverse opening 13 permitting direct communication between the combustion chambers, so as to equalize the pressure in the combustion chambers.

The hollow partition formed by the lower portion of each section 0 is provided with lnclined upper faces 14. diverging from the top of opening 13 and exposed 1n two adjoining combustion chambers, said partition also having oppositely inclined lower side faces 15 diverging downwardly from the bottom of opening 13 and exposed in. adjoining combustion chambers. Each outer section A (Fig. III) is provided with an inclined face 14 and a lower inclined face 15. Each hollow section B has an approximately horizontal face 16 forming the top wall of a combustion chamber.

By referring to Fig. III it will be seen that the upper portion of each combustion chamber has inclined side wall members 14: or 14' converging toward the top of the combustion chamber and inclined side wall members 15 or 15 converging toward the lower portion of the combustion chamber.

Each boiler section (Figs. I and V) is,

provided with vertical marginal ribs 17 and intermediate ribs 18 and 19 between'said marginal ribs, said ribs being formed on the side faces of the sections so as to separate the sections from each other and at the same time provide flues 20, 21 and 22 leading from each combustion chamber. As shown by Figs. I, III and V, each combustion'chamber is provided with two sets of flues, for each combustion chamber is in direct communication with the spaces at opposite sides of a boiler section B. The flues lead upwardly from upper ends of the combustion chambers, and the inclined faces let and 14C in the combustion chambers tend to deflect the products of combustion to the flues.

As shown most clearly in Fig. V, the ribs 18 and 19 do not extend entirely to the top of the boiler, said ribs being separated from the upper edge of the boiler to form a passageway leading to a manifold 23 at the rear portion of the boiler. To produce this manifold, each boiler section B and C is provided with a transverse opening (Figs. I and V) and the several 0 enings are in alinement with each other. smoke box 24 provides an outlet for the manifold 23, said smoke box being secured to the rear of the boiler, and the sections B and C being provided with relatively narrow hollow portions 25 which are widely separated from each other to permit free escape of smoke from the manifold 23 to the box 24, the latter having a flange 26at the top adapted to receive an ordinary stove pipe. At the top of the boiler, thespaces between the boiler sections are closed by means of narrow individual closures 27 shown in Figs. I and V.

As previously pointed out, one of the objects of the inveinion is to very effectively transmit heat from gas burners to a boiler of this kind, so as to produce a boiler in which gas can be conveniently and economically used as the heating medium. In this connection, attention'is directed to Figs. III and V- which show the individual combustion chambers .in which the individual burners are mounted. 'Ihegas flames spread from the upper edge of each burner and they are supplied with secondary air which en.- ters at openings'28 in the front of the boiler and flows upwardly through restricted spaces at opposite sides of each burner, and then to the flames, there being no obstructions to prevent free delivery of secondary air to the restricted spaces and the narrow edges of, the burners. Instead of using a very large single burner, we locate the several individual burners directly between two hollow walls containing the liquid to be heated. At the lower portions of the combustion chambers, including the inclined faces 15 and 15, these-hollow walls are directly exposed to the heat of the flames, and the upper portions of the combustion chambers are designed to present a very large area to the radiant heat of the flames. The inclined faces 14 and 14' are directly exposed to the radiant heat of the flames, and the same is true of the'wa-ll members 16 directly above the burners. Each burner'is thus arranged in an individual combustion chamber having 80 a large area exposed directly to the intense I heat radiating directly from the flames.

It will now be apparent that the gas can be most effectively utilized by locating the individual burners in individual combustion chambers, but the circulation and pressure should be substantially uniform in the different flues and combustion chambers. The openings 13 therefore provide direct communication between the individual combus tion chambers, and these openings are located in a plane entirely above the plane of the burners, There is very little circulation through these openings, the products of combustion being deflected by the inclined faces 14 so as to enter the flues leading from the upper ends. of the combustion chamber in which they "are generated.

In addition to directly exposing the hollow water-containing walls of the combus- 0 tion chamber to the radiant heat of the flames, we have shown long flues extending upwardly from thecombustion chamber and located at points directly above the burners, and it will therefore be understood that the hollow walls of the flues are also exposed to the radiant heat of the flames. There are no obstructions between these flue walls and the flames.

It is well known that products of combustion gradually contract as they pass from the high temperature zone in which they are generated. These highly heated gases. are gradually cooled by the transmission of heat through the walls of the flues, and as they 5 are cooled they gradually decrease in volume.

The volume of gaseous products of combustion is therefore less at the [top of the flues than at the bottom thereof. If the flues were v uniform in area throughout their lengths, 0 the products of combustion would freely escape from the upper portions of the flues,

'and in this event they would not exert an intense scrubbing action on the faces at the upper portions of the flues, and the heat would not be effectively transmitted to these portions of the flues.

We have therefore shown restricted outlets at the upper ends of the flues, the object being to provide substanitally uniform prestapered toward their upper ends. The flue is formed between the rib 18 and a marginal rib 17 the upper portion of said marginal rib merging into "a rib 30 which extends toward the upper end of rib 18 to provide a converging outlet for the flue. At

' the right side of Fig. V, the flue 22 is formed 4 between the rib 19 and a mirginal rib 17.

To form the restricted outlet, the upper portions of the boiler-sections are provided with inclined bafile ribs 31 at the upper ends of flues 22. Each bafile rib 31 extends toward the upper end of a rib 19 to form a tapering outlet for a'flue 22.

B forming the flues in this manner, they gra ually decrease in area toward their dis charge ends, so the relatively cool products of combustion will exert a scrubbing action on the walls of the flues, instead of escaping freely as they diminish in volume in re-' sponse,to the gradually decreasing temperatures.

The flue element formed by the manifold 23 (Figs. I and V) lies directly above the flues '22, and the baflie ribs 31 lie between.

said manifold and flues 22.. A pocket usually termed a dead air s ace should not be formed at the junction 0 battle rib, 31 and marginal rib 17. These ribs 31 are therefore separated from marginal ribs 17 to form a restricted by-pass 32 whereby the flues 22 are placed in direct communication with the manifold 23. Instead of being confined in a pocket at the junctions of ribs 17 and 31, some of the products of combustion can escape through the by-pass openings 32, and this results in a desirable circulation at points where the gases would otherwise be approximately stationary.

The baflle ribs 31 are inclined downwardly toward the openings 32, so any water or other condensate on the baffle ribs 31 will flow downwardly through the openings 32 and onto the highly heated walls of the flues 22, where the liquid will be vaporized instead of being permitted to pass to the floor below the boiler. WVhen the products of combustion issue from the restricted upper ends of the flues 20, 21 and 22, these gaseous products are permitted to expand and this results in condensation, the condensate dropping onto the ribs 31 being discharged through the openings 32.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the present invention discloses a novel type of boiler having"separat combustion chambers for the individual burners so as to most effectively transmit heat from the gas burners, and-thatt-he combustion chambers communicate with each other through the openings 13 to equalize the pressure therein. Another important feature liesv in combustion chambers are formed to present a "cry large area directly to the radiant heat of the flames. Individual combustion chambers of this kind can be readily produced by the combinationand arrangement of the elements of the hollow boiler sections herein shown. y Y,

A further important advantage is gained by forming the flues 20, 21 and 22 as herein shown so as to substantially equalize the pressure at the upper and lower portions of the flues, thereby preventing free escape of the contracting products of combustion and the manner in which the walls of the several causing them to effectively transmit their heat to'the upper portions of the flues.

\Ve claim:

1. A; boiler having combustion chambers,

flues leading from the respective combustion chambers, said combustion chambers being in direct communication with each other -to'provide for the transmission of fluid pressure from one combustion chamber to the other, and burners in said combustion chambers, the -means of communication between said combustion chambers being immediately adjacent to said burners, said combustion chambers being provided with hollow side walls for the circulation of the liquid contents of the boiler, and each, of said burners being located between and adjacent to two of said side walls. 7

2. A sectional boiler comprising outer sections and intermediate sections between said outer sections, said sections being hollow to receive the liquid to be heated, two of said intermediate sections having openings in their lower portions to provide combustion chambers and another of said intermediate sections being provided with a hollow liquid-receiving portion located directly between said combustion chambers, and burners in said combustion chambers.

3. A sectional boiler comprising outer sections and intermediate sections between said outer sections, said sections being hollow to receive the liquid to be heated, two of said intermediate sections having openings in their lower portions to provide combus tion chambers and another of said intermediate sections being provided with a hollow liquidirec'eiving portion located directly between said combustion chambers, a trans- 'tions having oppositel said hollow liquid-receiving portions but in a plane entirely below the plane of said transverse opening. 1

4. A sectional boiler comprising outer sections and intermediate sections between said outer sections, said sections being hollow to receive the liquids to be heated, two of said intermediate sections having openings in their lower portions to provide combustion chambers and another of said intermediate sections being provided with a hollow liquidreceiving portion located directly between said combustion chambers, a transverse opening being formed in the last mentioned intermediate section at a point immediately over said hollow liquid-receiving portion to provide direct communication between said combustionchambers, said burners being located at opposite sides of said hollow liquidreceiving portion but in a plane entirely below the plane of said transverse opening, and said hollow sections being separated from each other to provide two flues leading from each combustion chamber.

5. A sectional boiler comprising outer sections and intermediate sections between said outer sections, said sections being hollow to receive the liquid to be heated, one of said hollow sections having a tubular lower portion and the sections on opposite sides of said tubular lower portion having openings in their lower portions to provide combustion chambers at opposite sides of said tubular! lowen portion, said hollow sections being separated from each other to form flues leading from said combustion chambers, and burners in said combustion chambers.

6. A sectional boiler comprising outer sections and intermediate sections between said outer sections, said sections being hollow to receive the liquid tobe heated, one of said hollow sections having-a tubular lower portion and the sections on-opposite sides of said tubular lower portion having openings in their lower portions to provide combustion chambers at opposite sides of said tubular lower portion, said hollow sections being separated from each other to form vilue's leading from said combustion cham-.

bers, and burners in'said combustion chambers, said burners being located at opposite sides' of said tubular lower portion, and said combustion chambers being in direct com- J munication with each other at points 1mmediately above said tubular lower portion. 7. A sectional boiler comprising hollow sections adapted to receive the liquid to be heated, a combustion space being formed by the lower portions of said hollow sections, the lower portion of one of said hollow secdisposed side walls vforming a hollow liquld-receiving partition whereby said combustion space is divided into two combustion chambers, said partition having a transverse opening providing direct communication between said combustion chambers, said partition being'provided with oppositely inclined side faces diverging,

upwardly from the top of said opening and chambers, said hollow sections being se arated from each other to provide flues lea ing from the first mentioned side faces, and gas burners located in the respective combustion chambers at opposite sides of said hollow partition and in a plane lower than said transverse opening.

8. A sectional boiler comprising hollow boiler sections adapted to receive the liquid to be heated, said hollow sections including an intermediate boiler section recessed to I form top and end walls of a combustion chamber, a pair of boiler sections between which said intermediate section is inter posed, said pair of sections having opposite- "l-y disposed side walls exposed in the upper portion of the combustion chamber and converging toward the top of said combustion chamber, said oppositely disposed side walls having lower .portions converging toward thelower portion of said combustion chamber, and a burner. in the lower portion of said combustion chamber.

9. A sectional boiler comprisin hollow boiler sections adapted to receive t e liquid to be heated, said hollow sections including an intermediate boiler section recessed to form top and end walls of a combustion chamber, a pair of boiler sections between which said intermediate section is interposed, said pair of sections having oppositely disposed side walls exposed in the upper portion of the combustion chamber and converging toward the top of said combustion chamber, said oppositely disposed side walls having lower portions converging toward the lower portion of said combustion chamber, said intermediate boiler section being I said wall being in the form of a deflector located between sections of the sectional boiler so as to deflect products of combustion from the lower flue to the upper flue, and said wall being provided with a restricted by-pass whereby said, upper and lower fiues areplaced in direct communication with each other.

11. A sectional boiler having upper and lower .flues forming a continuous angular passageway for the discharge of products of combustion and a wall between said flues, said wall being in the form of a deflector located between sections of the sectional boiler so as to deflect "products of combustion from the lower flue to the upper flue, said wall being provided with a restricted by- 10 pass whereby said upper and lower flues are placed in direct communication with each other, and said wall being inclined downwardly to said by-pass to provide for drainage of liquid from said upper flue to said lower flue.

In testimony that 'we claim the foregoing we hereunto alfix our signatures.

EDWIN A, JONES. HUBERT L. WHITELAW'. 

